chanapong

[chanapong]

3. What factors influence user satisfaction with vaccination apps?
User satisfaction with vaccination apps is influenced by five key factors: content, functionality, user experience, service attitude, and privacy. Among these, privacy emerged as the most critical issue, with results indicating that users were particularly dissatisfied with how their personal data was handled.

4. What role does privacy play in user evaluations?
Privacy plays a significant role in user evaluations, as vaccination apps handle sensitive personal health information. Users are concerned that any leakage of such data could lead to cybercrime or misuse. Moreover, if the data were altered—either intentionally by developers or maliciously by third parties—users could be at risk of receiving inappropriate treatment or mismanagement, which could have serious health consequences. This concern makes privacy a critical factor influencing overall user satisfaction.

[chanapong]

1. What are potential follow-up studies on mobility patterns?
A potential follow-up study on cross-border mobility is intercountry disease transmission.

2. How did government restrictions affect mobility patterns?
Government restrictions reduced individual mobility, including cross-border movement, as demonstrated by the decrease in travel between clusters shown in the reduced RoG.

3. What were the main findings on mobility after restrictions eased?
Mobility after the lifting of restrictions returned to near-normal levels compared to the pre-pandemic period.

[chanapong]

1. What factors influenced participant engagement in the study?
Factors that influence participant engagement include ease of use, ease of access, and meeting the users’ needs. This research revealed that a web-based notification platform led to higher engagement compared to a mobile application

2. What barriers did mobile app users face?
Users were required to install the application and register an account, which introduced additional steps and posed difficulties, particularly for elderly users.

3. How did the web-based platform compare to the mobile app?
The web-based platform demonstrated higher engagement in both AEFI reporting and usability survey participation.

[chanapong]

1. What were the significant benefits reported by the studies?
This systematic review reported inconsistent findings regarding the impact of vaccination apps on uptake, decision-making, and knowledge. However, consistently positive results were observed in terms of patient perceptions, usability, and acceptability

2. How did apps affect vaccination uptake rates?
Vaccination apps primarily function as digital records, educational tools, and reminder or appointment-support systems, all of which can contribute to improved vaccination uptake rates.

3. How did the apps influence vaccination decision making?
By providing detailed information about vaccinations, including both benefits and potential side effects, vaccination apps influence decision-making in different ways. For individuals who recognize the benefits, this information can increase vaccination uptake. Conversely, for those more concerned about side effects, it may reinforce hesitancy or lead to vaccine refusal.

4. How do user perceptions of vaccination apps vary?
User perceptions of vaccination apps vary based on factors such as educational level, previous usage, and digital literacy, all of which may influence how these apps are perceived and used.

[chanapong]

I think it is not very different from a discussion board, as it allows individuals to express their own ideas. However, compared to a traditional classroom, it may differ in terms of real-world interaction.

I think it can be useful in online meetings, especially when not all participants are able to actively engage. It could also be used during an e-poster session at a medical conference, allowing for asynchronous interaction.

[chanapong]

I’ve tried YouTube VR audio and the Google Cardboard app. I really enjoyed the skydiving experience—it felt super exciting, almost like doing it in real life. I also tried a roller coaster VR, which made me feel a bit dizzy.

There were a few issues with the headset, like it didn’t fit the phone properly and was uncomfortable to wear. I think newer models on the market probably don’t have these problems. It was also hard to navigate the functions since there was no button or control system built in.

I’ve experienced stereoscopic vision in VR, where the headset shows two slightly different images to each eye. Our eyes, as sensory organs, receive that information and send it to the occipital lobe in the brain, where it gets processed into a single 3D visual experience.

I felt a sense of presence and immersion while watching the skydiving video. However, it didn’t feel completely realistic, since VR can’t fully reproduce natural sounds or the feeling of wind on your body during skydiving. While using the headset, I only tried head-tilt navigation. I think if gaze control were available, it would make the experience feel even more realistic.

[chanapong]

1.) Visualization & Experimentation

I used a hair dryer on the sensor, which caused a sharp drop in humidity and a quick rise in temperature. After that, I turned on the air conditioner, and both the temperature and humidity gradually went down. This shows how the sensor responds to changes in the environment.

2.) Challenges & Solutions
At first, I couldn’t find any port in the Arduino IDE. Reconnecting the USB cable to the computer fixed the problem, and the port showed up. I also ran into an issue with the baud rate—the data was unreadable. Once I changed the baud rate to the correct setting, the data appeared clearly.

3.) Ideas for Improvement & Application
I’d like to add a feature that includes an LED display, an alarm sound, and notifications sent via LINE or email when the temperature or humidity goes beyond a set limit. I plan to use this system in a Thai herbal steam room in my hospital to help monitor conditions and improve safety during treatment sessions.

[chanapong]

Summary
The study titled “Insole-Based Systems for Health Monitoring: Current Solutions and Research Challenges” by Subramaniam et al. is particularly interesting to me. It investigates the application of wearable IoT technologies embedded in insoles for continuous health monitoring, allowing for unobtrusive assessment during daily activities. These systems facilitate early diagnosis and timely intervention, potentially reducing the frequency of clinical visits and the need for prolonged hospitalization in high-cost healthcare settings. Key applications include pressure monitoring in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), detection of foot-related conditions such as Charcot neuropathy, pes cavus, and pes planus, identification of gait abnormalities in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, and performance optimization and injury prevention in elite athletes.

Citation: Subramaniam S, Majumder S, Faisal AI, Deen MJ. Insole-Based Systems for Health Monitoring: Current Solutions and Research Challenges. Sensors. 2022 Jan;22(2):438.
Link: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/2/438#metrics

Key aspect
Objective – The objective of smart insole systems is to provide continuous health monitoring by integrating multiple sensors for comprehensive data collection, while ensuring user-friendliness to promote long-term use and contribute to the reduction of healthcare costs.
Sensors Used – The primary sensors integrated into smart insole systems include plantar pressure sensors for pressure distribution analysis and inertial measurement units (IMUs) for gait assessment. Additionally, some systems incorporate sensors for monitoring heart rate, temperature, and muscle activity.
Challenges – There are several challenges associated with IoT-based smart insole systems. Sensor placement and signal accuracy are critical, as improper positioning can lead to inaccurate data collection. Compatibility with various shoe types and ensuring user comfort are also key issues, as these factors significantly impact user compliance and long-term usability.

[chanapong]

I currently serve as the Deputy CIO at a public hospital, leading a project to achieve Hospital Accreditation Information Technology (HAIT) certification. In this role, I apply nearly all the principles of the 12-step management process.

The first step is to clearly define the project for all stakeholders, highlighting its importance and specifying their roles. Organizing tasks, planning their sequence, and setting a timetable enable the team to progress efficiently. A safety margin is included for each task, although it is less than the 90% typically recommended in training. Delays are anticipated, as stakeholders have primary responsibilities in hospital operations that limit their ability to fully dedicate themselves to the project.

To address delays, we reserve “crashing” or accelerating tasks for the final phase to ensure the project meets its deadline, rather than applying it during the intermediate stages. For project monitoring, we use tools like Notion and Sheets, which function effectively as Gantt charts. Regular adjustments are made at each milestone to keep the project on track and aligned with its objectives.

Despite these efforts, we did not achieve our goal during the evaluation. However, we conducted a thorough review to identify areas for improvement and to implement lessons learned for future projects.

[chanapong]

Previously, I served as a leader in a medical student organization. I set an example to inspire one of my juniors to take on a project. Initially, she was hesitant because she believed it would be too challenging and feared it might end in failure. I encouraged her by highlighting her strengths and emphasizing the potential benefits the project could bring to both her personal growth and the organization. I also empowered her by granting decision-making authority and offering support whenever she needed it. Finally, I reassured her not to fear failure, reminding her that failure is a part of growth and something we can overcome.

[chanapong]

Recalling details is my weakest area in listening. I encounter this problem when doing my job as a doctor examining patients, though not in meetings or conferences. During history taking, I have to multitask by evaluating the patient’s detailed history, observing their expressions, performing a physical examination, and considering differential diagnoses and the next steps in management. Due to this overload of tasks, I sometimes miss small details in the history-taking process. To address this, I often paraphrase or recheck details with the patient and take brief notes in the EMR on crucial information.

[chanapong]

Motivation stands out as my strongest emotional intelligence skill. This aspect of EQ allows me to recognize the value of my work for both myself and others, driving me to take on ambitious challenges in both academic and professional contexts and succeed in them.

However, self-regulation is my weakest area. When I face difficult individuals or situations, I often feel stressed, making it harder to address these issues effectively. Sometimes, these challenges affect me at home as well as at work, and in certain situations, this lack of self-regulation results in poor decision-making.

To work on this weakness, I intend to accept that everyone is different and that I can’t control every situation as I might wish. In challenging moments, taking a pause and writing down my thoughts before responding are strategies I can adopt to strengthen my self-regulation.

[chanapong]

Hello everyone,

I am Chanapong Lertpanyawattanakul, a rehabilitation doctor at a community hospital. Currently, I also serve as the Deputy CIO at my hospital. Having gained valuable knowledge from the MAP-C program, I am eager to further expand and deepen my understanding of health informatics to enhance my career path, including academic research and the development of organizations related to health informatics.

[chanapong]

I would like to discuss point 15 on page 342: ‘When the same hypothesis is tested in different studies and none or a minority of the tests are statistically significant (all P > 0.05), the overall evidence supports the hypothesis.’ While individual studies may not show statistical significance, it would be incorrect to assume that this trend applies to all studies. For example, in a meta-analysis that combines various studies with no statistical significance or conflicting findings, evidence of an effect may emerge, possibly due to an increase in sample size.

[chanapong]

Hello everyone,
My name is Chanapong. I am currently employed as a physiatrist at Chao Phaya Abhaibhubejr Hospital. In my work, I frequently utilize statistics for analyzing medical records and conducting research. I am proficient in using MS Excel and SPSS. Additionally, I am currently enhancing my skills in data analysis by studying R and Python, which I believe will further support my work in statistics-related tasks.

[chanapong]

According to the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), for successful adoption, new technology should be at least as useful as its predecessor. If the new technology is only easier to use but does not offer the same level of usefulness or functionality as the old one, users may resist adopting it. To ensure the successful adoption of new technology, it should offer at least the same level of usefulness as the previous one while also being easier to use.

[chanapong]

Technological Literacy:
High technological literacy facilitates the reception of new experiences with emerging technology. Individuals with high technological literacy find it easier to adapt to new technology compared to those with lower technological literacy, as they possess a stronger foundational understanding.

Social Influence:
The social environment plays a crucial role in the adoption of new technology. When individuals observe others in their social circle embracing and utilizing new technology, they are more likely to follow suit. Examples of usefulness and usage patterns demonstrated by colleagues, friends, or family members influence the adoption of new technology.

Socioeconomic Status:
The cost associated with newer technology tends to be higher. Individuals with lower socioeconomic status may face greater difficulty in acquiring new technology, thereby limiting their ability to perceive its ease of use or usefulness. Socioeconomic status emerges as a significant external influence in this context.

Job Relevance:
The relevance of new technology to one’s job or workplace, particularly if it enhances job functions or simplifies tasks, increases its perceived usefulness and ease of use. Whether through voluntary adoption or organizational mandates driving technological transformation, the alignment of new technology with job roles fosters its adoption among users.

[chanapong]

To determine why bed nets were not used, conducting a qualitative study is an appropriate approach for this situation. This method can delve into the reasons and experiences behind the lack of bed net usage in this community. By applying semi-structured interviews with individuals or conducting focus group discussions, valuable insights into the perceptions of not using bed nets can be gained. Additionally, we can gather more information about alternative methods for preventing malaria transmission rather than relying solely on bed nets.

[chanapong]

Efficacy is the ability to produce a desired amount of the desired effect or success in achieving a given goal. In healthcare, it is the capacity for beneficial change (or therapeutic effect) of a given intervention (for example a drug, medical device, surgical procedure, or a public health intervention) under ideal or controlled conditions.
Context: Clinical trials

Effectiveness is setting the right targets to achieve an overall goal (the effect). It is the extent to which planned outcomes, goals, or objectives are achieved as a result of an activity, intervention, or initiative intended to achieve the desired effect, under ordinary circumstances. In healthcare, it is the extent to which a drug achieves its intended effect in the usual clinical setting.
Context: Pragmatic settings, observational studies

Efficiency is the ratio of the output to the inputs of any system (good input-to-output ratio). An efficient system or person achieves higher levels of performance (outcome, output) relative to the inputs (resources, time, money) consumed.
Context: Cost-effectiveness study, for example, measuring nursing hours, bed days, and days supply of drugs.

[chanapong]

Age: 31
Sex: Male
Education: MD.
Occupation: Doctor
Workplace: Chaophraya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital

[chanapong]

Age-specific mortality rate

An age-specific mortality rate is a mortality rate limited to a particular age group. It is used to compare the mortality rates without being affected by the difference in age distributions.

Calculation:
The numerator is the number of deaths in that age group.
The denominator is the number of persons in that age group in the population.

Infant mortality rate
Infant mortality rate is the probability of a child born in a specific year or period dying before reaching the age of one. It reflects the health of the mother and infant during pregnancy and the year after that.

Calculation:
The numerator is the number of deaths among children < 1 year of age during a given time interval.
The denominator is the number of live births during the same time interval.

[chanapong]

Comorbidities, such as non-communicable diseases (NCD), are more prevalent in older age and could act as confounders in this context. NCDs may restrict participation in social activities, resulting in a less active contact pattern. Conversely, younger individuals typically have fewer comorbidities, contributing to increased participation and a more active pattern, as indicated by the results.

[chanapong]

1. The author is interested in this study because of the increasing rate of suicide in Thailand and there was no previous study on socioeconomic factors associated with suicide in Thailand, which differs from developed countries’ studies.

2. Alcohol consumption is the risk factor that I want to discuss. Drinking alcohol leads to an inability to self-control and encourages one to commit suicide, especially with depression and a high risk of suicide. Thus, alcohol consumption leads to a higher suicide rate.

3. Statistical modeling help to analyze factor associated with suicide using regression analysis. Furthermore, it may demonstrate the extent to which certain variables affect the suicide rate. Additionally, it may be used to pinpoint the areas with greater rates than others, necessitating effective and appropriate policies for that region.

[chanapong]

1.One potential challenge in this situation is data availability. In Thailand, the location might receive from the 43 folders system via the reimbursement, which could not contain an actual residential area but a registered base location—leading to inaccuracy when investigating epidemiological studies. Additionally, using different approaches to obtain the location, rather than obtaining it from the registry, requires resources including budget, specialists, and technology.

Another issue is data confidentiality. Using a person’s address to pinpoint their position more precisely for epidemiologic research might reveal the owner’s sensitive information.

It is reasonable to regard spatial epidemiology as an interdisciplinary science. With the use of advanced spatial, location-based, and technologies, such as GIS and GPS, in conjunction with demographic and health data, spatial epidemiology integrates a number of scientific fields, including epidemiology and spatial science.

2.The location in which a person lives or works should be taken into account as a possible disease factor. Different regional traditional foods are linked with particular diseases. Lower incidences of hypertension can be found in Mediterranean countries with Mediterranean diets. The liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, which is present in traditional uncooked freshwater fish meals, is also accountable for the higher prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma in Northeastern Thailand.

Additionally, a medical condition may be related to a different latitude. Countries with latitudes further from the equator have higher multiple sclerosis prevalence rates due to lower sun exposure.

[chanapong]

Thanks for your presentation. I like the idea that collecting data about the location, GIS, to evaluate their environmental factor. In addition, all levels of stakeholders are included to collaborate to achieve the oblective of this surveillance system.

[chanapong]

Thank for your attractive presentation. Early detection to prevent the spreading of the disease is crucial. I like your system that include village health volunteer to share the knowledge after reporting and analyzing data. I have some question about how to confirm the diagnosis in the system to rule out other tropical infection(its presentation can mimic leptospirosis).
Thank you

[chanapong]

Comparing public communication regarding the COVID-19 situation from the leaders of two countries: Singapore and the USA, based on the CREC principle is described as following

1. Be first: The Singapore leader publicly communicated the COVID-19 situation after two weeks of the event. While, the US leader communicated after the situation worsen, new clusters, and WHO declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

2. Be right: Both leaders told the real information of the current situation.

3. Be credible: Singapore PM explained all the situation in detail and was more humble. For the US PM, he provided information in overview and accused European travelers of causing a new cluster and overexaggerating the healthcare and economics systems.

4. Express empathy: Singapore’s leader’s public communication included understanding the anxiety and reactions of people to the situation and encouraging people to solve the problem together.

5. Promote action: Both leaders provide information on how to prevent the spreading of COVID-19. But, the US provided more about the economy and financial measures to help its people.

6. Show respect: The end of Singapore PM communication mentioned paying respect to volunteers and healthcare workers. While the US did not mention or honor the frontline workers’ hardship.

[chanapong]

List of the disease outbreaks that have been declared as PHEIC
-2009: The Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic
-2014: poliomyelitis
-2014: outbreak of Ebola in Western Africa
-2018–2020: Ebola epidemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo
-2015–2016: Zika virus epidemic
-2020: COVID-19 pandemic

These outbreaks raise concerns because they are extraordinary event which is determined to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease and to potentially require a coordinated international response. The situation is serious, sudden, unusual, or unexpected which carries implications for public health beyond the affected state’s national border and may require immediate international action.

Conditions that can lead to PHEIC in the future are global warming, biological terrorism, and advanced genetic engineering.

[chanapong]

The application of centralized helplines for COVID-19 information in Thailand is needed to improve. During the outbreak, this central helpline shows only the information of the number of the infected rate, hospitalized rate, and death rate. Essential information on how to self-management and prevent spreading to others is lacking. For example, the correct management on how to clean environment near infected cases is not reached to the community. Different methods were used which are not effective and cause harmful side effects. And there are many hotlines to call when people get an infection. They have to call each hotline to get treatment due to insufficient operators. This situation should be solved by providing a single hotline that has sufficient manpower according to the demand.

[chanapong]

Using inaccurate data can lead to various problems, related to the public health policy and management system for controlling and preventing the disease. In case of data overestimation, inappropriate increasing cost and resources to deal with the actual situation are encountered. On the contrary, utilizing underestimated data lead to delay detection and control of the disease, causing the disease to spread and increase morbidity and mortality. The increasing burden on time and resources to control and treatment of the disease that is out of control is really challenging when this situation occurs.

[chanapong]

IT can assist in outbreak investigation in various processes. During active case finding, CDSS may be one of the tools to help in the screening process. Applying IT in the data collection process helps to systematically and comprehensively record outbreak data. Exchangeable and timely visualized reporting data, like epidemic curves, help decision-making to manage the outbreak more effectively and promptly. Additionally, using GIS to specifically locate where is the hotspot of the outbreak also helps the investigator to respond and take action appropriately.

[chanapong]

Data visualization tools for decision support are the technology or tool that I like most. This technology is widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic by different countries and organizations. Timely and accurately collecting data are clearly visualized to the different levels of audiences, ranging from the general population to national organization, to use the information for distinct purposes. For the general population, accessing this visualized data can raise their awareness about how fast transmission or areas with a high rate of transmission, preventing their own from getting the infection. At the national level, it can use the visualized data to decide and planning policy actively responding to the COVID-19 epidemic, in terms of healthcare, economy, and society. Properly allocating healthcare resources to the needing area is easily manageable when using these tools.

[chanapong]

How can surveillance help to detect and control the disease?
-Surveillance helps to control the disease by detecting the confirmed case and high-risk cases along with time and place. Proper monitoring and responding to the transmission of disease by using well-planned countermeasures is one of its benefits. Suitable allocation of healthcare resources according to the trend of the outbreak can be managed easier when using surveillance.

Should we conduct active or passive surveillance or both for the disease, why?
– In the case of COVID-19 disease, we should use both active and passive surveillance to early detect the spreading of the disease. If we use only a passive system, we will not detect the asymptomatic and mild severity of the case, causing further transmission and may be out of control.

Which method should be best to identify cases, why?
Cases in medical facilities VS community
– To identify case needs both cases in both medical facilities and the community. Preventing transmission is essential for outbreak control. Therefore, the case in the community may be an asymptomatic or mild symptom, should be early detected. For medical facilities, the only cases with moderate-severe symptoms are detected.

Sentinel VS population-based surveillance
– Population-based surveillance is more suitable for national-level management. While sentinel surveillance is more suitable for the local community that has a low infection rate.

Case-based VS aggregated surveillance
-Case-based surveillance is suitable in areas with low transmission rates. On the other hand, aggregated surveillance is more preferably in high transmission areas, which can be switch to case-based surveillance when the transmission rate decreases.

Syndromic VS laboratory-confirmed surveillance
-Laboratory-confirmed surveillance is more suitable in well resources countries. It can provide the rate of transmission precisely and prevent using overestimate management, which will increase the burden on expenditure.

What dissemination tools will do you choose to disseminate COVID-19 surveillance information? Why do you choose/these tools?
Ongoing, real-time dissemination tools are the most suitable tools for this outbreak. We can monitor the data easily( number of confirmed cases, hospitalization rate, ICU occupying rate, death rate, and recovery rate) and plan the timely countermeasures according to the available resources.

[chanapong]

According to the ADKAR model, changing the systems from paper-based documents to EMR in my organization is inappropriate management as following

Awareness: Lack of communication to all officers to raise awareness about the importance to change and how to change is encountered. Moreover, opinions from the members do not reach the executive team.

Desire: Some people don’t want to change to the new system because of traditional system familiarization and lack of IT skills.

Knowledge and Ability: The training course is not properly provided to all users. Only IT officers receive hands-on training. But they give support to the user when facing system problems and time to adapt to the new system.

Reinforcement: Regular evaluation of the implemented system from all users is provided to improve and develop the better system.

[chanapong]

The collected data should not be given out to the research team due to the information privacy principle. Reviewing the informed consent of the collected data, which have permission only to this study or further study, is important. If the informed consent provides further use of the data, giving the data to another research team is acceptable. In contrast, the other research teams have to gain permission for their study purpose if the former inform consent does not provide further data usage.

If you want to provide data to them, you have to provide only unidentifiable data to protect the data privacy of individuals recruited in the project and have an official agreement on the purpose to use the collected data.

[chanapong]

As a health informatician who encounters this scenario, I cannot tell my friend about what I have known to maintain the confidentiality of patient information. Interfering other family issues about their health problem is inappropriate. My friend may or may not already know about her partner’s disease, but she did not tell me about that. Although she may have a risk of infection, I do not have the right to disclose this information. Her husband should receive advice about telling his partner when he was diagnosed with HIV infection. It depends on his autonomy more than beneficence or non-maleficence principle in this situation.

[chanapong]

Thanks for sharing, Cing. I also agree with you regarding the designation of vaccination changes as acceptable, since these changes do not directly alter the health record, and they are typically made in advance with proper notifications sent to users. Such changes may be due to vaccination stock management or other operational reasons. Therefore, I believe this issue should generally be acceptable to users.

[chanapong]

Thank you for sharing this comment. I agree with you that studying cross-border mobility and hospitalization can provide valuable insights. However, individuals with asymptomatic or mild symptoms may be missed or underrepresented in such studies. Furthermore, examining the movement patterns of healthcare and government officials could also be an interesting area of research, especially in relation to disease transmission.”

[chanapong]

In my opinion,email reminders can have dual effects, potentially increasing or decreasing the response rate. While they often serve as helpful prompts that improve participation, excessive or poorly timed reminders may lead to reminder fatigue, annoyance, or disengagement, ultimately reducing the likelihood of response—especially among users who feel overwhelmed or uninterested.

[chanapong]

Your mention of the Carrot reward is very interesting. It can improve vaccination records but may not increase actual uptake if not used properly.

[chanapong]

Thank you for your idea on using VR for human anatomy, visualization of micromolecules, flight simulation, and training. This approach has great potential, and it could lead to further developments in new areas

[chanapong]

Your idea about using VR in psychiatric clinics is really fascinating. It may be useful and could open a new path for psychotherapy.

[chanapong]

Thank you for sharing your experience, Cing. I’ve tried the screen tap interaction like you mentioned. It worked well and made me enjoy trying new VR videos even more.

[chanapong]

Thank you for sharing your experience, Aung. I also feel dizzy, just like you mentioned—especially when I watch videos with rapid frame changes.

[chanapong]

Hi Cing, I also encountered the same issue with the baud rate. Your application of this IoT system in the vaccine cold chain is both interesting and highly relevant in today’s context.

[chanapong]

Pacharapol, thank you for sharing your project. I really appreciate the idea of applying this system in a greenhouse setting, as it can help maintain optimal environmental conditions to support healthy plant growth.

[chanapong]

Thank you for sharing information about glucose monitoring IoT. Traditionally, blood glucose levels have been measured by sending blood samples to the laboratory or using pinprick methods with glucose strips. In recent years, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have become widely available on the market. However, these systems still have notable drawbacks, including high cost, discomfort from patch application, and the need for regular sensor replacement. The development of wearable, non-invasive IoT-based glucose monitoring devices represents a promising advancement in patient care, offering a more comfortable and user-friendly alternative. Nevertheless, concerns about accuracy remain critical, as any misreporting could result in misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Therefore, thorough validation across diverse populations and environmental conditions is essential before widespread clinical adoption.

[chanapong]

Thank you for sharing this IoT-Based Smart Home Security System article. This IoT technology is increasingly being used in everyday applications. It can connect to mobile devices and integrate with home and environmental control systems such as Google Home, Amazon Alexa, or Zigbee. It is particularly useful for home security. Additionally, similar technology is used in other contexts—for example, magnetic reed switches are employed in laptop lid closure detection, as well as in medical devices such as pacemakers and neurostimulators.

[chanapong]

I completely agree with the importance of balancing user requirements with project objectives. Since different users often have varying needs, it’s impossible to deliver a product that satisfies everyone without significantly increasing resources like time and cost. I believe that constantly readjusting the plan to accommodate every user’s demands is not an effective way to lead a project. Instead, clear communication about how the project is defined is essential. Reaching an agreement with stakeholders before starting ensures alignment and sets the foundation for a successful project.

[chanapong]

Thank you for your comment. I agree with you that we can collect data on who is prone to have a diabetic foot ulcer, as classified by IWGDF guidelines as low, moderate, and severe risk. We can collect data on which impairment, site of abnormal pressure (callus), and management they receive along with patients with diabetic foot ulcers.

[Author]

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