Forum Replies Created
-
Posts
-
-
Apart from its efficacy, the use of Teletherapy in the field of psychiatry is known to be useful in terms of reducing the barriers to consultation for patients who do not wish to make an In-Person Psychotherapy. However, it is also known that some patient conditions, such as acute depression, may not be appropriate for telemedicine. Therefore, it is necessary to consider applying a combination of Teletherapy and In-Person Psychotherapy.
-
Dear all,
Please follow the link below to access my dashboard.
https://bit.ly/3RkGGMMThis dashboard tries to provide an overview of the COVID-19 pandemic situation in terms of the number of confirmed cases, death and recovered cases with a table, cards, and map functions. A line chart displays the daily trend of cumulative cases of confirmed, recovered, and death.
-
Dear all,
Please follow the link below to my report for this week.
https://bit.ly/3R3TmaJ
The first summary page presents a map and table with relevant information including the number of cases confirmed, recovered, and the death, both overall and by country. Subsequent pages show the relevant variables in different types of charts and graphics. -
Hi all,
Please follow the link below to access the assignment for the COVID-19 Dashboard.
https://bit.ly/3yiKVRnThis matrix includes figures by country for Daily confirmed, Daily recovered, and Daily death. These data are used at the national level as a basis for restructuring the healthcare system in response to outbreaks and for planning the allocation of resources, as well as indicators for the issuance or lifting of a state of emergency declaration, involving various restrictions.
-
Please allow me to introduce the COVID-19 Situation report managed by Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) at https://covid19.mhlw.go.jp/extensions/public/en/index.html
, and another dashboard run by the Cabinet Secretariat at https://corona.go.jp/en/dashboardIn the MHLW’s dashboard, trend in the number of cases of key variables including confirmed cases, severe cases, and deaths are presented in the appropriate types of charts, both in terms of new registrations and cumulative number, and by sex/ age group. Cumulative figures are displayed in four different timeframes: one week, one month, three months, and one year, and can be selected as needed.
Meanwhile, the Cabinet Secretariat’s dashboard displays the daily and cumulative number of confirmed cases and deaths on the same graph in bar and line charts, respectively. Prefectural breakdown is also presented in a map and stacked bar chart.
The legend of the number of confirmed cases by prefecture in the Japan map needs to be adjusted because it is a cumulative figure and all prefectures have already reached the highest category of cases. -
-
-
-
Dear all,
Please find the below link to access my assignment.Thank you.
-
Please find the below link to access my assignment.
https://prnt.sc/M8u6lForWKKM -
Please follow the link below to access my wrap-up assignment for week2.
https://prnt.sc/3kb_w40aDE-M -
1. Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI)
A strategy of stakeholders to become mutually responsive to each other with a view to the (ethical) acceptability, sustainability and societal desirabilityRisk/ Benefit versus Precaution
-> Precautionary principle:“Better safe than sorry”2. Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of Health
Benefits: Faster, Accurate, Reducing workloads of healthcare workforceEthical concerns over AI: Data privacy and security, Trust in AI, Accountability and
Responsibility, and Bias, especially in the context of low- and middle-income countries -
The concept of Bayesian is very new to me, and many aspects have already been mentioned here.
According to what I have learnt, one of the characteristics of Bayesian is its flexibility in incorporating new data. Bayesian allows data to be incorporated and analyzed in a sequential manner, while in Frequentist, the data must be analyzed again from the beginning each time more data is added. In terms of analyzing while incorporating new data, it is well suited to machine learning using big data, that is why it has been gaining attention in recent years. -
Hi everyone, my name is Taro KITA. I’m currently involved in managing a project supporting ASEAN member states in disaster health management.
Although my current role has little to do with statistics, I have a fundamental knowledge of statistics, as I started my professional career as a laboratory technician and taking part in laboratory quality assurance which requires a good understanding of statistics. -
-
-
-
-
-
Based on one of the widely used definitions of the Young Adult (18-35 years old), a possible confounder could be “the most diverse social role”. It is the generation that is most socially involved with others (including other generations), as they may be students or office workers. They may be married couples and they may be parents. They may also be children of other generations.
-
Case-Fatality rate (CFR)
1. Definition of each vital statistic?
Case Fatality Rate (CFR) indicates the severity of a particular disease by defining the total number of deaths as a proportion of reported cases of a specific disease at a specific time.2. How to calculate each vital statistic?
CFR is presented as a percentage (0%-100%) or a ratio (between 0-1) and measures the number of confirmed deaths among the number of confirmed diagnosed cases of a particular disease at a given time.3. What are the main usefulness of each vital statistic?
CFR measures the severity of a particular infectious disease within a particular environment at a specific time. -
We have conducted the following measures to reduce the incidence of COVID19 infection, although many of which were mentioned by others;
1. Telework to reduce the chances of physical contact with your colleagues;
2. Wearing facemasks in the workplace and checking body temperature on entering the office;
3. Conducting virtual meetings and trainings instead of organising face-to-face gatherings;
4. Cancellation or postponement of events that require a physical gathering, even though it will cause significant delays in project management -
The Universal Health Coverage in Japan dates back to 1961 when a public health insurance scheme was established to cover all citizens. And, following the Cabinet’s decision in 1973, to establish “One medical college in each prefecture” that improved the access to medical service, Japan achieved UHC, and subsequently became a country with one of the highest life expectancies in the world.
However, in today’s Japan, there are concerns about the sustainability of the insurance system. With its super-aging society, medical expenses are exceeding the income of the insurance system borne by the younger generation, and tax revenue is being spent to fill the gap.
In order to maintain the current system, an increase in the proportion of medical expenses paid by the patients is being considered, which is also raising the concerns that people with low income and pensioners will not be able to access medical services. -
Since the beginning of the introduction of electronic medical records, the role of medical informatics has become more and more important in Japan.
However, it seems that the role of informatics is still vague and not widely understood.
Although there is a certification system, it is not a national certification, and there are no prerequisites for taking the examination.
Traditionally, the employment system in medical organisations is based on academic background and traditional medical professions, or generalist clerks.
Therefore, in order for medical informatics to be widely recognised, it is important to develop a standardised nation-wide education and training program. -
-
As for the Privacy and Ethical Issue, while the use of “new social contract” for data utilisation seems to be realistic, as stated in the article, the establishment of a recently proposed model in which “authorised institutions” with data processing technology convert personal information into anonymized information using a defined technique, and provide the information to users as a business seems promising.
-
The good points of EMR introduction:
– Improved operational efficiency and reduced waiting time
– Reduced storage space of patient records
– Data can be accessed from anywhere in the facility
– Technical capability to import outsourced dataThe bad points of EMR introduction:
– It takes time for staff to get used to the system, may need to hire system operators
– Review of operational procedures may be necessary
– Stable power supply is necessary -
Regarding the measures to address corruption, I agree with all the recommendations given in the article.
As a first step in promoting transparency, it is important for all stakeholders to have a common understanding about the definition of corruption, although it might not be as easy as it sounds in some contexts. As mentioned by others, social hierarchy may be one of the major obstacles.
Possible actions may include the establishment of an internal audit mechanism, and defining punishment regardless of the rank or position. -
Please let me share the challenge we observed when my former hospital tried to introduce the laboratory management system as part of the hospital’s electronic medical record system in Japan over 20 years ago.
The newly introduced system with a very simple LAN and client/ server system, although the latest technology back then, was expected to change the whole laboratory management drastically including the process of sampling, pre-treatment, analysis, that would realize timely reporting and better quality control, as well as efficient/ effective HR management, thereby achieving patient-centered laboratory management.
One of the biggest challenges observed during the transformation process was actually a people’s mindset to resist the unavoidable change due to the fear and annoyance of changing routine works, and needs of learning new technologies. I learned about the importance of leadership, as the hospital governance and management played a crucial role in the introduction and implementation process. -
In my opinion, a disaster recovery plan shall be developed based on identification of threats and classification of risks, not only in terms of IT, but also infrastructure and human resources, as well as internal and external factors. For this purpose, the establishment of a disaster recovery committee at an early stage, consisting of multiple sectors, is quite important.
When it comes to a technology for recovery, I would apply data replication (DR) with a DR site in a remote location in order to ensure reducing Recovery Time and Point Objectives. -
High Availability technology in a hospital information system will allow clinicians access patients’ data whenever necessary, addressing critical conditions, as well as prescribing medication, ordering and confirming laboratory tests at any time.
In addition, the technology would promote patients’ satisfaction, as it will technically enable the entire process of hospital visit, from reception, consultation, medication, and payment, to be completed in a timely manner. -
Personally, I have never had an experience of failure to preserve information security.
However, cases of unauthorized or inappropriate access to patients’ information by hospital staff have been reported occasionally in Japan.
In these cases, it seems that information access management, security awareness, or work station security were compromised, while only technical aspects were prioritized.
More emphasis should be placed on administrative and physical aspects such as establishing rules and regulations or staff training on confidentiality. -
Please allow me to share my observations on the current situation in Japanese society following the COVID19 pandemic based on the STEEP factors, although some of these are not related to the health sector.
SOCIAL
– Increased optimism about the pandemic due to the decrease of the newly confirmed cases and progress in the national vaccination campaign
– growing negative feelings about further social restriction
– Behavioral change to prevent infection of the general public
– Increased teleworking policiesTECHNOLOGICAL
– Development of vaccines and medicines against COVID19
– Development of technologies enabling telemedicine
– Growing need to develop disease early warning systems for the next pandemicECONOMIC
– Increased government subsidies to support various sectors including health care providersENVIRONMENTAL
– Concern over increasing microplastic problems due to improper disposal of personal protective equipment (PPE) especially disposable masks
– Decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and improved environmental indicators related to global air and water pollution
– Increased consumption of electricity at home due to teleworking system that may lead to other environmental issuesPOLITICAL
– Increased government’s political commitment to address the pandemic
– Deregulation in various fields, including the realization of telemedicine and online education -
Thank you very much for the comprehensive presentation.
Establishing a disease surveillance system in post disaster situations is very important especially for diseases that have occurred in the past. I find this presentation very interesting as cases of leptospirosis were also reported in Japan after floods caused by typhoons.
May I seek clarification on a backup plan for the surveillance system in case local health care providers as sentinel sites are not functioning due to flooding, and unable to provide data for the surveillance? Or, is it unlikely that health facilities are damaged by disaster in Thailand ? -
Thank you very much for the presentation.
It is very important to establish a Cholera surveillance system in risk countries, because it is highly contagious and can lead to death if left untreated.
The inclusion of an environmental-based survey to detect V. cholerae in water sources would be useful for early detection and identification of the source of infection. -
Please allow me to share the Gantt Chart for Survey Project.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cARyppoaogPUM_Mppkdhe_QwnC3A3yPC/view?usp=sharing
-
The following are my observation on the messages delivered by the two leaders based on the Six Principles of CREC
1.Be First
Singapore: The PM’s message was released about two weeks after the onset of the outbreak.
The USA: The President’s message was released after the situation worsened and the WHO declared it a global pandemic.2.Be Right:
Singapore: The PM tried to explain the scientific facts and figures of COVID19, including possible negative prospects and stricter measures.
The USA: The President explained in detail their responses to the outbreak, and prospects which were mostly positive.3.Be Credible:
Singapore: The PM explained the situation of the outbreak, their response, and readiness in a way that the listener would sense his confidence and sincerity.
The USA: The President expressed his confidence that the outbreak can be contained, while attributing it to inadequate responses by foreign countries.4.Express Empathy:
Singapore: The PM tried to unite the Singaporeans by referring to their previous experience of SARS, while expressing his empathy for the fear that people must be feeling.
The USA: The President tried to unite, and encourage people by sharing their economic success.5.Promote Action:
The both leaders’ messages were very clear about what they wanted people to do and not to do.6.Show Respect:
Singapore: The PM expressed his respect to volunteers, healthcare workers and other people who support the society during the difficult time.
The USA: The President’s message showed respect for the health professionals. -
I started my career as a laboratory technician in Japan. It was in my 5th year working in the laboratory of a general hospital, when I found a call for a registration for international relief and development operations.
It was not an easy decision, because the deployment to underdeveloped countries in post-disaster or under conflict situations would involve security risks, while working in a laboratory in Japan seemed very stable and comfortable back then. The registration led to my first mission in one of the African countries under internal conflict.
My decision to sign the agreement has changed my career path drastically. I have participated in about ten emergency operations since then, and ended up resigning from the comfortable general hospital.
However, despite the difficult working conditions both mentally and physically, I have no regrets about my decision (so far) thanks to the rewarding experiences I had in the fields. -
Under the COVID-19 pandemic, the utilization of digital communication in healthcare should be emphasized more in the communication between healthcare providers and people, enabling treatment, diagnosis, self-management support, surveillance, and psychological intervention without face-to-face contact by cases that can be managed at home or under quarantine, which could also protect health facilities from being overwhelmed.
-
-
Inaccuracy in disease surveillance will affect the goals of surveillance itself such as advocating interventions, monitoring of the impact of interventions, and control, elimination, and eradication of diseases.
When data overestimates the reality of a situation, it can lead to mobilizing resources or imposing social restrictions more than necessary, while underestimation can lead to prolonged interventions or a situation that is out of control such as the spread of infectious disease, requiring more efforts and resources. -
Information technology (IT) can be applied to enhance the process of outbreak investigation, taking COVID19 as an example, IT is already being applied in the process of describing outbreak situation, response/ action, and communication.
Connected diagnostic device and Wearables with sensing technology are used for COVID-19 case identification, Survey apps and websites are used for Symptom reporting, Data extraction and visualization are used for Data dashboard, and Machine learning is used for Web-based epidemic intelligence tools and online syndromic surveillance to describe the pandemic situation.
When it comes to action and communication, Smartphone apps with Bluetooth technology and/ or Location data are used to interrupt community transmission, and Social media platforms and Online search engines are used to enhance public communication. -
I also agree that digital contact tracing is a most interesting technology.
Once the patient is identified, the contact should be quickly traced to prevent further infection. Digital contact tracing automates the tracing process, and it will reduce the difficulties of traditional means which relies on human memory.
The use of Bluetooth technology is especially realistic in terms of privacy which is the biggest concern with the use of the global positioning system (GPS) or cellular networks.
The technology uses Bluetooth signals emitting from nearby devices to record contact events. Centralized apps share information about contacts and contact events with a central server, and when a user reports testing positive for COVID-19, the centralized app uploads information. In contrast, decentralized apps upload only an anonymous identifier of the user who reports testing positive. This identifier is then broadcasted to all users of the app, and it compares the identifier with phone’s contact event records to issue an alert.
However, there remain issues that need to be addressed in order for this system to effectively function such as the need for a large proportion of the population to use it, and the need to define the conditions under which contacts and how much exposure will result in transmission. -
1. How can surveillance help to detect and control the disease?
In view of the current status of the COVID19 pandemic, surveillance will help describe the current burden of the disease to identify areas and timing for necessary interventions such as reinforcing the health care system and various social restrictions, and also monitor trends which reviews the impact of interventions such as vaccination.2. Should we conduct active or passive surveillance or both for the disease, why?
In the initial stage of the pandemic, active surveillance could have been effective for active case finding. However once the epidemic spreads widely and as COVID19 is classified as notifiable disease in many countries, the conduct of passive surveillance will be suitable, which can be complemented by active surveillance to focus more on cluster detection including contact tracing.3. Which method should be best to identify cases, why?
[Cases in medical facilities VS community]
COVID19 cases should be identified in both medical facilities and community, because many patients with COVID19 are known to be asymptomatic while severe cases can be identified at medical facilities.[Sentinel VS population-based surveillance]
Given the current status of the pandemic, population based surveillance is preferred to identify and monitor all cases of COVID19.[Case-based VS aggregated surveillance]
The conduct of case-based surveillance can be quickly overwhelmed by the increase in the number of COVID19 cases, therefore aggregated surveillance is preferable until the pandemic becomes under control and elimination is pursued.
[Syndromic VS laboratory-confirmed surveillance]
Laboratory-confirmed surveillance is preferred, because etiologic agent has already been identified and can be tested in a variety of laboratory facilities.4. What dissemination tools will you choose to disseminate COVID-19 surveillance information? Why do you choose this/these tools?
If funding is available, I would choose an online based platform to display surveillance data that allows users to view global and country level data and also their geographical distribution.
The COVID-19 Dashboard, managed by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University, is a perfect example of a dissemination tool.
https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html -
In principle, it is a breach of the principle of Information Privacy and Disposition to provide all data to the foreign research team without the patient’s consent.
However, in case of prospective study, unless otherwise stipulated in local laws or regulations, you could request the research team to abide by and sign a relevant local code of ethics including privacy clause, and also gain the informed consent from all patients following the same procedure as for the national database.
If you want to provide the previous data to them, since it is unrealistic to gain consensus from all patients, you should negotiate with the team, and provide only de-identified information, rather than providing the entire data requested, although you have to take part in the process where individual identifiers are involved.
-
As already suggested by others, you, as a health information professional, should not disclose any information without the consent of the subject, in accordance with the principle of information privacy and disposition as stipulated as General Principles of Informatics Ethics in the IMIA Code of Ethics.
Although there is a serious conflict of duty between your commitment to your patient and your relationship with your friend, given that your subject, as a professional, is the patient, not the friend, the Code of Ethics would prevail over other principles.
-
-
My apologies. Please find the updated link below to access the assignment.
https://bit.ly/3nkltF1 -
-
Thank you for your response regarding the backup plan, which I think is well organized.
Furthermore, one of the characteristics of flooding in Thailand is that it seems to progress relatively slowly compared to other countries due to its geographic features, therefore each health facility may have a certain amount of time to prepare for a disaster. Many thanks.
-